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J. E. YOUNG.

(Model.)

LOCK.

No. 325,305. Patented Sept. l, 1885.

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UNTTED STATES PATENT @Trina JOHN. E. YOUNG, OF BRIDGEPCRT, CONNECTICUT, ASSGNOR- OF ONE-THIRD TC HENRY LETTERHAUS, CF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 325,305, dated September l, 1885.

Application filed May 15, 1855. (Model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. YOUNG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bridgeport, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, andl do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as 'will enable others skilled in the art to which 1 it appertai ns to make and use the same.

Myinvention relates to those classes of locks which are especially designed to lock a movable to a stationary part, either by means of a hasp lattached to one part and having alocking-stud at its end adapted to engage a hole in a lock-case attached to the other part or by means of a lock carried bya hasp attached to one part which is engaged by a lockingstud affixed to the other part, both styles bezo ing comnion-it'or example, both in trunk and car-door locks.

The object of my invention is to simplify and improve the construction of this class of locks, and to so arrange the mechanism within the ease that the latter may be rotated,

thus enabling me to cover and protect the keyhole, at the same time leaving the surface of the case perfectly smooth.

With these ends in view I have devised the 3c simple and novel construction which I will now describe, referring by letters to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this speciication.

I have illustrated my invention as applied to a lock of the class iirst described abovethat is, in which the lock is permanently at tached to one of the parts, and alocking-stud at the end of a hasp engages a hole in the lock-case.

Figure lis a plan View of the lock complete,

Fig. 2, a central longitudinal section through the hasp and case, the locking mechanism being removed, and the locking-stud and the bolt which secures the case being in full lines,

Fig. 3, an edge view of the locking mechanism on a greatly enlarged scale, as seen from the direction from which the key operates, a portion of the top of the ease being in section. Figs. `:landbare sections, looking down, on the 5o line :c .n in Fig. 3, showing the parts, respectively, inthe locked and unlocked positions,

the tumbler bei ng replaced, however, in dotted lines to show its relation to the other parts, the position of the parts in Figs. 3, et, and 5 being as if the lock as seen iu Fig. l was turned over and the bottom plate of the case removed, the key being in elevation in Fig. 5 and in section on the line y y in Fig. 4. Fig.

6 is an edge view of the tumbler detached, the position being the same as in Fig. 3, and Fig. 7 is an end elevation showing the bits of the key.

Similar letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

A is the case of the lock, B the base-plate of the case, and Cthe hasp. The hasp is preferably jointed and provided with a slot, C', through which the attaching-bolt C2 passes, thus permitting limited longitudinal movement of the hasp. The hasp is bent outward, then forward again to conform to the shape of the lock-case, and is provided at its locking end with a stud, D, which is adapted to enter a centralhole, A', in the loclecase. The hasp is provided at any suitable place with a slot, 7 5 C3, through which a turn-button, E, passes. This turn-button is iirmly secured in a metal plate or in any suitable manner, and is provided with holes adapted to receive the ends of a wire, E, which are joined by aseal, E". 0 The case of the lock is provided with bosses A2, which receive the screws that hold the base-plate in position.

The center of the base-plate is provided with a circular depression, B,\vhich sets down into the metal or wood, or both, to which the lock is attached. The purpose of this depression is to receive the head ot' the attachingbolt B2, so that the latter will be entirely out of the way of the locking mechanism. This 9o bolt is the only means by which the lock is held in place, and its head is made round so as to permit the lock to be turned when it is desired to have thekey-hole concealed by the hasp. The nut upon the bolt B2 is of course 95 tightened up sufficiently to prevent the lock from turningfreely.

In order that the lock maybe more easily` turned bythe hand, I have provided corrugations B, which enable the hand to grasp it roo firmly.

Turning now to Figs. 3, 4, and 5, the position of the parts is as if the lock in Fig. l was inverted and the base-plate removed, the view being into the case, which is shown as empty in Fig. 2.

F is a vibrating locking-bolt pivoted at one side of the'case, and provided with a central opening, F', large enough to allow the enlarged head D of the locking-stud to pass through it. The locking-bolt is provided upon the edge opposite to the one acted upon by the key with a notch, F2, which is engaged when the parts are in the locked position by a stump, G, upon tumbler G. This tumbler swings from another pivot than the lockingbolt, but lies directly under it, or in the reversed position shown in Figs. 4 and 5 directly over it. At the center of this tumbler is an elliptical opening, G2, sufficiently large to receive the head of the lockng-bolt in all positions. Upon the edge of this tumbler,opposite to the key is a lip, G3, which forms a bearing for spring, II, as will be again referred to.

Krepresenis another tumbler pivoted near the free end of the locking-bolt at some distance from the key-hole. This tumbler is provided with a stump, K, adapted to engage two notches in the edge of the locking-bolt opposite to its pivotal point, the action of this stump when in engagement with notch Fi; being to hold the locking-bolt in itslocked position, and when in engagement with notch F* to hold it in its unlocked position. The locking-bolt is provided with a recess, F5, upon its under side,which allowstumbler K to swing under it.

L is a spring which acts upon tumbler K to force it forward against the locking-bolt.

M represents the key, which in vthe present instance I have shown as provided with two bits, M and M.

As stated above. tumbler K swings under the locking-bolt. This is in order that said tumbler may swing into a position that will enable one of the bits of the key to act directly upon the end of it.

It will of course be understood that the shape of the bits of the key, the end of tumbler K, and the edge of the locking-bolt will be varied in. different locks. In the present instance I have shown the tumbler as having a convex end, K2, to adapt it for engagement with bit M2.

The action of the lock mechanism is as follows: It should be understood that,as seen in Figs. 4 and 5,the locking-stud enters from the back. It will be seen in Fig. 5 that openings A in the case and F in the locking-bolt register with each other, in which position the locking-stud will pass in or out freely. Turning n'ow to Fig. 4, the locked position of the bolt will be clearly seen. In locking, stud D passes through opening A in the case and opening F in the lockingbolt. The latter is then moved to a position which places the opening through the bolt eccentric to the opening through the case, a portion of the solid metal of the bolt passing under the head of the locking-stud, thus preventing the possibility of the latter being drawn out. When thelockingbolt is in this position,it is guarded by two tumblers pivoted on different centers, which must be operated independently and successively before the locking-bolt can be moved.

When the parts are in the positions shown in Fig. 4,the operation of unlocking is as follows: The bits of the key move toward the right. Bit MAZ acts iirst on the convex edge of tumbler' K, its action being that of a cam. As the bit is moved forward it passes over the convex end K2 and forces the tumbler backward-that is, toward the leftthus lifting stump K out of notch F3. Bit Mnext acts on tumbler G and raises stump G ont of notch' F2. At this instant bit Mwithout releasingtumbler K, begins to act on the locking-bolt and raises it to the position shown in Fig. 5. Stump G now rests upon the edge of thelocking-bolt outside of notch F2, and stump K` on the other tumbler drops into notch F4, as shown.

In unlocking, tumbler K must be raised against the power of spring L, and tumbler G against the power of spring H, which acts on lip G3. It will be seen that vthere is no spring bearing directly on the bolt, and that when tumbler G is raised, the lip is carried away` from the bolt, leaving the latter free from pressure, except from the key. In the action of locking, however, spring II acts to force both tumbler G and `the locking-bolt downward.

In unlocking, the key is turned toward the left, bit M raises tumbler G slightly, then bit M2 engages tumbler K, forcing it toward the left and lifting stump K out4 of notch F3. By the time the locking-bolt is free, spring H has forced the lip against the bolt, stump G having passed into notch The spring then continues to force both parts downward until the bolt is in the locked position, at which in- IOO IOS

IIO

stant spring L forces stump K into notch F* in the locking-bolt.

I do not desire, of course, to limit myself to the exact details of construction shown, as it is obvious that they may be varied Within reasonable limits without departing from the spirit of my invention.

l. The combination, with a lock-case having an opening and a lockingstud adapted to engage said opening, of a locking-bolt having an opening through which said stud passes, and notches upon two edges, and independently pivoted tumblers having stumps which engage said notches.

2. The lock-case having a central opening, and a locking-stud having an enlarged head,"VV in combination with a pivoted locking-bolt having an opening adapted to register with the one in the case and two notches in its outer edge, and a pivoted `tumbler having a stump adapted to engage one of said notches when the openings register, and the other notch when said openings are eccentric and the solid metalof the bolt has passed under the head o' the locking-stud.

3. The eon1bination,with the locking-stud having an enlarged head, and the lockingbolt having an opening through which said stud passes, and a notch, F2, of a tumbler, G, having a stump, G', opening G2, and lip G3, and a spring acting ou said lip.

4. The locking-stud and locking-holt having a central opening and notches F2, F, and F2 in combination with tumbler G, having opening G`l and stump G', and tumbler K, having stump K.

5. The locking-stud and locking-bolt having central opening and notches F2, F3, and F", in combination with tumbler G, having a central opening, stump G', and lip G, and tumbler K, having stump K and convex end K2, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination,with a locking-stud and a locking-bolt, of a case having a central opening to receive the locking-stud and upon its opposite side a depression and opening therethrough, a bolt, B, passing through said opening and adapted to hold the lock in position, but which at the same time leaves it free to turn.

7. The combination, with the locking-stud and case having a central opening and bosses A2, and carrying the locking mechanism, of a base-plate secured to said bosses and having a central depression, B, an opening therethrough, and a retaining-bolt, B2, whose head rests in said depression.

S. The combination, with a hasp having a locking-stud at its end, of a lock-ease having a central opening to receive the locking-stud and a key-hole in its outer side, and a central retaining bolt whereby the case is held iu place but is left free to be turned when it is desired to protect the key-hole by the hasp.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN E. YOUNG.

Vit-nesses:

A. M. WoosTER, A. B. FAIRCHILD. 

